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The interior of Caloris also harbors several unusual dark-rimmed craters, which are visible in this image. The MESSENGER science team is working with the 11-color images in order to gain a better understanding of what minerals are present in these rocks of Mercury's crust. The diameter of Mercury is about 4880 kilometers (3030 miles).
Mercury is one of four terrestrial planets in the Solar System, which means it is a rocky body like Earth. It is the smallest planet in the Solar System, with an equatorial radius of 2,439.7 kilometres (1,516.0 mi). [4] Mercury is also smaller—albeit more massive—than the largest natural satellites in the Solar System, Ganymede and Titan.
Mercury was once used as a gun barrel bore cleaner. [124] [125] From the mid-18th to the mid-19th centuries, a process called "carroting" was used in the making of felt hats. Animal skins were rinsed in an orange solution (the term "carroting" arose from this color) of the mercury compound mercuric nitrate, Hg(NO 3) 2. [126]
It is the most common source ore for refining elemental mercury and is the historic source for the brilliant red or scarlet pigment termed vermilion and associated red mercury pigments. Cinnabar generally occurs as a vein-filling mineral associated with volcanic activity and alkaline hot springs .
Crystals of mercury(II) sulfide and several other mercury compounds are deeply colored red, but have no publicly known use in nuclear weapons.. Red mercury is a discredited substance, most likely a hoax perpetrated by con artists who sought to take advantage of gullible buyers on the black market for arms. [1]
The color of the flames also generally depends on temperature and oxygen fed; see flame colors. [5] The procedure uses different solvents and flames to view the test flame through a cobalt blue glass or didymium glass to filter the interfering light of contaminants such as sodium. [12] Flame tests are subject of a number of limitations.
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Mix mercury with sulfur to form aethiopes mineralis, a black compound of mercury sulfide. Heat this in a flask (the compound vaporizes and recondenses in the top of the flask). Break the flask. Collect the vermilion and grind it. When first created, the material is almost black. As it is ground, the red color appears.