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Landscape resulting from the ruina montium mining technique at Las Médulas, Roman Spain, one of the most important gold mines in the Roman Empire. The main mining regions of the Empire were Spain (gold, silver, copper, tin, lead); Gaul (gold, silver, iron); Britain (mainly iron, lead, tin), the Danubian provinces (gold, iron); Macedonia and Thrace (gold, silver); and Asia Minor (gold, silver ...
Marcus Licinius Crassus (/ ˈ k r æ s ə s /; 115 – 53 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. He is often called "the richest man in Rome".
As the Roman empire expanded, it required more resources to maintain itself and continue growing, resulting in an increased level of taxation. [25] The Roman government would set a fixed amount of wealth each region needed to pay in taxes, while the magistrates were tasked with determining who would pay the taxes, and how much they would each pay.
Land and sea connections facilitated and sped the transfer of infectious diseases across the empire's territories. The rich were not immune; only two of emperor Marcus Aurelius's fourteen children are known to have reached adulthood. [321] The importance of a good diet to health was recognized by medical writers such as Galen (2nd century).
The Romans were businessmen, and the longevity of their empire was caused by their commercial trade. [ citation needed ] Whereas in theory members of the Roman Senate and their sons were restricted when engaging in trade, [ 2 ] the members of the equestrian order were involved in businesses despite their upper-class values, which laid the ...
For the first three hundred years of Roman emperors, efforts were made to portray the emperors as leaders of the Republic, fearing any association with the kings who ruled Rome prior to the Republic. From Diocletian , whose reformed tetrarchy divided the position into one emperor in the West and one in the East , emperors ruled in an openly ...
Equestrian statue of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius from 176 AD. This statue is believed to be from the Capitoline Hill in Rome, and is the only equestrian statue that survives. Only Romans who were wealthy enough to afford their own armour were allowed to serve in the army, which consisted of both patricians and plebeians.
Pay in the Roman army was defined by the annual stipendium received by a Roman soldier, of whatever rank he was, from the Republican era until the Later Roman Empire. It constituted the main part of the Roman soldier's income, who from the end of the Republic began to receive, in addition to the spoils of war, prize money called donativa.