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Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, also written as [NH 4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride.
Salammoniac, [2] also sal ammoniac or salmiac, is a rare naturally occurring mineral composed of ammonium chloride, NH 4 Cl. It forms colorless, white, or yellow-brown crystals in the isometric-hexoctahedral class. It has very poor cleavage and is brittle to conchoidal fracture.
For example, in ammonium chloride solution, NH + 4 is the main influence for acidic solution. It has greater K a value compared to that of water molecules; K a of NH + 4 is 5.6 × 10 −10, and K w of H 2 O is 1.0 × 10 −14. This ensures its deprotonation when reacting with water, and is responsible for the pH below 7 at room temperature.
Wöhler demonstrated the reaction in his original publication with different sets of reactants: a combination of cyanic acid and ammonia, a combination of silver cyanate and ammonium chloride, a combination of lead cyanate and ammonia and finally from a combination of mercury cyanate and cyanatic ammonia (which is again cyanic acid with ammonia ...
The ammonium salts of nitrate and especially perchlorate are highly explosive, in these cases, ammonium is the reducing agent. In an unusual process, ammonium ions form an amalgam. Such species are prepared by the addition of sodium amalgam to a solution of ammonium chloride. [3] This amalgam eventually decomposes to release ammonia and ...
The reaction is the method of choice for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts. [1] Some phase transfer catalysts (PTC) can be prepared according to the Menshutkin reaction, for instance the synthesis of triethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (TEBA) from triethylamine and benzyl chloride: Menshutkin reaction