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MW 18014 was a German A-4 test rocket [nb 1] launched on 20 June 1944, [1] [2] [3] at the Peenemünde Army Research Center in Peenemünde.It was the first human-made object to reach outer space, attaining an apogee of 176 kilometres (109 mi), well above the Kármán line that was established later as the lowest altitude of space. [4]
First auroral research rocket launched into the ionosphere. Norway: Ferdinand 1: November 1962: First Mars flyby (11,000 km) but contact was lost. USSR Mars 1: 14 December 1962: First planetary flyby with data returned . First successful planetary science mission. USA (NASA) Mariner 2 [17] 16 June 1963: First woman in space (Valentina ...
In 1947, the US sent the first animals in space, fruit flies, although not into orbit, through a V-2 rocket launched from White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] On June 14, 1949, the US launched the first mammal into space, a rhesus macaque monkey named Albert II , on a sub-orbital flight, though Albert II died when the ...
Salyut 1 was the first space station of any kind, launched into low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1971. The International Space Station (ISS) is currently the largest and oldest of the 2 current fully functional space stations, inhabited continuously since the year 2000. The other, Tiangong space station built by China, is now ...
BBC World: Brazil Launches rocket into space; Space.com: Brazil completes successful rocket launch; Herald Tribune: Brazil launches rocket for gravity research; AFP: Iran rocket test 'unfortunate': White House; Space-Travel.com: Iran opens its first space centre, riling the US; New York Times: Iran Launches Rocket to Commemorate New Space Center
The V2 rocket also became the first artificial object to travel into space by crossing the Kármán line (edge of space) with the vertical launch of MW 18014 on 20 June 1944. [5] Research of military use of long-range rockets began when the graduate studies of Wernher von Braun were noticed by the German Army.
: Dream), E-1 No.4 and First Lunar Rover, [4] was the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of Earth's Moon, the first spacecraft to leave Earth's orbit, and the first to be placed in heliocentric orbit. Intended as a Moon impactor, Luna 1 was launched as part of the Soviet Luna programme in 1959.
Sputnik 1 (/ ˈ s p ʌ t n ɪ k, ˈ s p ʊ t n ɪ k /, Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite.It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program.