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A benefit of this method is the possibility to use sparse files by declaring a large file size but only allocating blocks that are actually used. [2] A detriment of this method is the disk may have free space (unallocated blocks) but data cannot be appended to a file because all directory entries are used. [2]
The simplest form of free-space bitmap is a bit array, i.e. a block of bits. In this example, a zero would indicate a free sector, while a one indicates a sector in use. Each sector would be of fixed size. For explanatory purposes, we will use a 4 GiB hard drive with 4096-byte sectors and
Each file is using 10 blocks of space. (Here, the block size is unimportant.) The remainder of the disk space is one free block. Thus, additional files can be created and saved after the file E. If the file B is deleted, a second region of ten blocks of free space is created, and the disk becomes fragmented.
Each entry in the FAT linked list is a fixed number of bits: 12, 16 or 32. The maximum size of a file or a disk drive that can be accessed is the product of the largest number that can be stored in the entries (less a few values reserved to indicate unallocated space or the end of a list) and the size of the disk cluster.
Unallocated space Clusters of a media partition not in use for storing any active files. They may contain pieces of files that were deleted from the file partition but not removed from the physical disk [ 5 ]
Use the Disk Cleanup function on Windows. Windows has a built-in feature that helps you free up disk space; it’s called Disk Cleanup. Just click the Start button and then search for it by name.