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The corneal reflex, also known as the blink reflex or eyelid reflex, [1] is an involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea (such as by touching or by a foreign body), though it could result from any peripheral stimulus. Stimulation should elicit both a direct and consensual response (response of the opposite eye).
In the fields of optometry and ophthalmology, the Hirschberg test, also Hirschberg corneal reflex test, is a screening test that can be used to assess whether a person has strabismus (ocular misalignment). A photographic version of the Hirschberg test is used to quantify strabismus. [1]
Cervico-spinal reflex; Churchill–Cope reflex; Corneal reflex — blinking of both eyes when the cornea of either eye is touched. Coronary reflex; Cough reflex — a rapid expulsion of air from the lungs after sudden opening of the glottis, and usually following irritation of the trachea.
The reflex relies on the transparency of optical media (tear film, cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens, vitreous humor) and reflects off the fundus back through media into the aperture of the ophthalmoscope. [2] The red reflex is considered abnormal if there is any asymmetry between the eyes, dark spots, or white reflex .
A reflex blink is not necessarily a conscious blink either; however it does happen faster than a spontaneous blink. [1] Reflex blink may occur in response to tactile stimuli (e.g., corneal, eyelash, skin of eyelid, contact with eyebrow), optical stimuli (e.g. dazzle reflex, [20] or menace reflex) or auditory stimuli (e.g., menace reflex).
For example, an animal with polioencephalomalacia will lack the menace reflex, but will still have the pupillary light reflex. Polioencephalomacia damages the visual cortex, impairing the menace response, but leaves the optic nerve, oculomotor nucleus, and oculomotor nerve intact, leaving the pupillary light reflex unaffected. Contrastingly, an ...
Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.
Corneal abrasion is a scratch to the surface of the cornea of the eye. [3] Symptoms include pain, redness, light sensitivity , and a feeling like a foreign body is in the eye. [ 1 ] Most people recover completely within three days.