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Loratadine's peak effect occurs after 1–2 hours, and its biological half life is on average eight hours (range 3 to 20 hours) with desloratadine's half-life being 27 hours (range 9 to 92 hours), accounting for its long-lasting effect. [34] About 40% is excreted as conjugated metabolites into the urine, and a similar amount is excreted into ...
[1] Sometimes drugs cannot be compared across a wide range of treatment situations because one drug has a ceiling effect. [citation needed] Sometimes the desired effect increases with dose, but side effects worsen or start being dangerous, and risk to benefit ratio increases. This is because of occupation of all the receptors in a given specimen.
[medical citation needed] Loratadine is a long-acting antihistamine (H 1 histamine antagonist) that is less sedating than older substances of its type. [medical citation needed] In 2022, it was the 289th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 500,000 prescriptions. [2] [3]
H 1-antihistamines work by binding to histamine H 1 receptors in mast cells, smooth muscle, and endothelium in the body as well as in the tuberomammillary nucleus in the brain. Antihistamines that target the histamine H 1 -receptor are used to treat allergic reactions in the nose (e.g., itching, runny nose, and sneezing).
Threshold dose is the minimum dose of drug that triggers minimal detectable biological effect in an animal. [1] At extremely low doses, biological responses are absent for some of the drugs. The increase in dose above threshold dose induces an increase in the percentage of biological responses. [ 2 ]
Dosage typically includes information on the number of doses, intervals between administrations, and the overall treatment period. [3] For example, a dosage might be described as "200 mg twice daily for two weeks," where 200 mg represents the individual dose, twice daily indicates the frequency, and two weeks specifies the duration of treatment.