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An ion trap, used for precision measurements of radium ions, inside a vacuum chamber. View ports surrounding the chamber allow laser light to be directed into the trap. An ion trap is a combination of electric and/or magnetic fields used to capture charged particles — known as ions — often in a system isolated from an external environment.
A TOF mass spectrometer can also have a low-duty cycle when coupled with a continuous ion source. Combining an ion trap with a TOF mass analyzer can improve the duty cycle. Both 3D and linear traps have been combined with TOF mass analyzers. A trap can also add MSn capabilities to the system. [1]
In experimental physics, a quadrupole ion trap or paul trap is a type of ion trap that uses dynamic electric fields to trap charged particles. They are also called radio frequency (RF) traps or Paul traps in honor of Wolfgang Paul , who invented the device [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 for this work. [ 3 ]
Other forms of digital ion trap were also developed, including the linear ion trap constructed using printed circuit boards [30] and the rods structure linear ion guide/trap. [31] [23] Two sets of switch circuitry were normally used to generate 2 phases of rectangular pulse waveform for two pairs of rods in case of the linear digital ion trap.
The two Penning traps following the MR-ToF are the preparation Penning trap and the precision Penning trap. [4] The preparation Penning trap, a large cylindrical trap, is placed in the uniform field of a superconducting magnet. [13] [12] The ions are captured and, with high-selectivity, cooled by mass. [14]
A sector instrument can be combined with a collision quadrupole and quadrupole mass analyzer to form a hybrid instrument. [1] A BEqQ configuration with a magnetic sector (B), electric sector (E), collision quadrupole (q) and m/z selection quadrupole (Q) have been constructed [2] [3] and an instrument with two electric sectors (BEEQ) has been described.
The concept behind the Bradbury–Nielsen shutter is to apply a high frequency voltage in a 180° out-of-phase manner to alternate wires in a grid which is orthogonal to the path of the ion beam. This results in charged particles only passing directly through the shutter at certain times in the voltage phase (φ=nπ/2), when the potential ...
To restrict the ion motion along the direction of the electron beam axis, trapping electrodes carrying positive voltages with respect to a central electrode are used. The resulting ion trap can hold ions for many seconds and minutes, and conditions for reaching the highest charge states, up to bare uranium (U 92+) can be achieved in this way. [2]