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Hagia Sophia (Greek: Αγία Σοφία, meaning 'the Holy Wisdom'; Turkish: Ayasofya) is a formerly Greek Orthodox church that was converted into a mosque following the conquest of Trabzon by Mehmed II in 1461. It is located in Trabzon, northeastern Turkey. It was converted into a museum in 1964 [1] and back into a mosque in 2013. [2]
[10] [11] [9] The Hagia Sophia held the title of largest church in the world until the Ottoman Empire sieged the Byzantine capital. After the fall of Constantinople, the church was used by the Muslims for their religious services until 1931, when it was reopened as a museum in 1935. Translated from Greek, the name Hagia Sophia means "Holy ...
Exterior view of the Hagia Sophia, 2013 There are at least two runic inscriptions in Hagia Sophia 's marble parapets . They may have been engraved by members of the Varangian Guard in Constantinople during the Viking Age .
[230] [231] The main dome of the Hagia Sophia was the largest pendentive dome in the world until the completion of St Peter's Basilica, and it has a much lower height than any other dome of such a large diameter. The great dome at the Hagia Sophia is 32.6 meters (one hundred and seven feet) in diameter and is only 0.61 meters (two feet) thick.
Exterior of the Hagia Sophia, 2013. As an architect, Anthemius is best known for his work designing the Hagia Sophia. [3] He was commissioned with Isidore of Miletus by Justinian I shortly after the earlier church on the site burned down in 532 but died early on in the project. He is also said to have repaired the flood defenses at Daras. [5]
Hagia Sophia is the oldest surviving preserved building in Drama. It was built on the highest point of the greater area during the tenth century AD, along with Drama's city walls, which used the same stones as the church. It was probably dedicated to Virgin Mary, erected on the site of a previous early Christian basilica. The relics kept in ...
The statue's base was discovered in 1848 and is now located in the garden of the Hagia Sophia. [7] [8] Following Justinian's rebuilding, the square's main feature was a tall column erected in 543 in the western end of the square to commemorate his victories. It was topped by an equestrian statue of Justinian himself, reusing parts of Theodosius ...
After a great earthquake in 989 partly collapsed the dome of Hagia Sophia, Byzantine officials summoned Trdat to Byzantium to organize its repair. The rebuilt dome was completed by 994. [3] According to contemporary Armenian historian Stepanos Taronetsi (Asoghik): Even [Hagia] Sophia, the cathedral, was torn to pieces from top to bottom.