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Several types of valve connections for propane, butane, and LPG containers exist for transport and storage, sometimes with overlapping usage and applications, and there are major differences in usage between different countries. Even within a single country more than one type can be in use for a specific application.
POL is the common name for the standard CGA 510 (US Compressed Gas Association connection number). The Thread specification is .885" – 14 NGO – LH – INT, meaning 0.885 in (22.5 mm) diameter thread, 14 threads per inch (1.814 mm pitch), National Gas Outlet form, left-hand internal thread. [3]
Orifice plate showing vena contracta. An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole in it, which is usually placed in a pipe. When a fluid (whether liquid or gaseous) passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up slightly upstream of the orifice [1] but as the fluid is forced to converge to pass through the hole, the velocity increases and the fluid pressure decreases.
An orifice gas meter consists of a straight length of pipe inside which a precisely known orifice plate creates a pressure drop, thereby affecting flow. Orifice meters are a type of differential meter, all of which infer the rate of gas flow by measuring the pressure difference across a deliberately designed and installed flow disturbance.
LPG is composed mainly of propane and butane, while natural gas is composed of the lighter methane and ethane. LPG, vaporised and at atmospheric pressure, has a higher calorific value (46 MJ/m 3 equivalent to 12.8 kWh/m 3 ) than natural gas (methane) (38 MJ/m 3 equivalent to 10.6 kWh/m 3 ), which means that LPG cannot simply be substituted for ...
The appliance efficiency of a gas-fired balanced flue local space heater in pilot light mode is almost equal with the appliance efficiency measured at the reduced power of the appliance, which efficiency is between 65–95% based on the low calorific value of the consumed gas, making part of the pilot light's energy consumption into useful heat.
A reducer reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter). Alternatively, reducer may refer to any fitting which causes a change in pipe diameter. [15] This change may be intended to meet hydraulic flow requirements of the system or adapt to existing piping of a different size. The reduction length is usually equal to the ...
The National Propane Gas Association has a generic MSDS available online here. (Issued 1996) MSDS from Suburban Propane, L.P dated 5/2013 in the SDSdata.org database