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They could also be worn on their own, particularly by slaves who engaged in hot, sweaty or dirty work. Women wore both loincloth and strophium (a breast cloth) under their tunics; and some wore tailored underwear for work or leisure. [13] Roman women could also wear a fascia pectoralis, a breast-wrap similar to a modern women's bra. [14]
It has long been believed that Roman women originally did not wear stolae and that they instead wore togas like the men. However, this goes back to a scholarly lore invented in Late Antiquity. [9] [10] For the most part, the toga was worn exclusively by men, and Roman wives (matronae) traditionally wore the stola.
As Roman women gradually adopted the stola, the toga was recognized as formal wear for male Roman citizens. [1] Women found guilty of adultery and women engaged in prostitution might have provided the main exceptions to this rule. [2] The type of toga worn reflected a citizen's rank in the civil hierarchy.
It was often worn by Roman citizens and by non-citizens alike. [2] However, citizens might wear it under the toga, especially at formal occasions. The length of the garment, the presence or lack of stripes, as well as their width and ornamentation, would indicate the wearer's status in Roman society.
An Ancient Roman ring made from gold with a garnet stone. Roman women collected and wore more jewelry than men. Women usually had pierced ears, in which they would wear one set of earrings. Additionally, they would adorn themselves with necklaces, bracelets, rings, and fibulae. One choker-style necklace, two bracelets, and multiple rings would ...
[110] Although Roman society did not allow women to gain official political power, it did allow them to enter business. [111] Even women of wealth were not supposed to be idle ladies of leisure. Among the aristocracy, women as well as men lent money to their peers to avoid resorting to a moneylender.
Vestal costume had elements in common with high-status Roman bridal dress, and with the formal dress of high-status Roman matrons (married citizen-women). Vestals and matrons wore a long linen palla over a white woollen stola , a rectangular female citizen's wrap, equivalent to the male citizen's semi-circular toga . [ 73 ]
Statue of Livia Drusilla wearing a stola and palla.. The palla was an elegant cloak or mantle that was wrapped around the body. It was worn outside the house by (affluent) Roman women.