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Effluent containing heavy metal ions is fed into a column from the top. The biosorbents adsorb the contaminants and let the ion-free effluent to exit the column at the bottom. The process can be reversed to collect a highly concentrated solution of metal contaminants. The biosorbents can then be re-used or discarded and replaced.
Electrocoagulation (EC) is a technique used for wastewater treatment, wash water treatment, industrially processed water, and medical treatment. Electrocoagulation has become a rapidly growing area of wastewater treatment due to its ability to remove contaminants that are generally more difficult to remove by filtration or chemical treatment systems, such as emulsified oil, total petroleum ...
Electrodeionization systems have also been applied to the removal of heavy metals from different types of wastewater from mining, electroplating, and nuclear processes. The primary ions removed in these processes are chromium , copper , cobalt , and caesium , though EDI sees use in the removal of others as well.
Secondary treatment (mostly biological wastewater treatment) is the removal of biodegradable organic matter (in solution or suspension) from sewage or similar kinds of wastewater. [ 1 ] : 11 The aim is to achieve a certain degree of effluent quality in a sewage treatment plant suitable for the intended disposal or reuse option.
The RBC process allows the wastewater to come in contact with a biological film in order to remove pollutants in the wastewater before discharge of the treated wastewater to the environment, usually a body of water (river, lake or ocean). A rotating biological contactor is a type of secondary (biological) treatment process.
A goal of the wastewater purification by means of AOP procedures is the reduction of the chemical contaminants [7] and the toxicity to such an extent that the cleaned wastewater may be reintroduced [8] into receiving streams or, at least, into a conventional sewage treatment.
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Decentralized wastewater system; Diffuser (sewage) Dissolved air flotation; Dissolved gas flotation; Desalination; Distillation; Effluent Decontamination System; Electro-oxidation; Electrocoagulation; Electrodeionization; Electrodialysis; Electrolysis; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal; Expanded granular sludge bed digestion; Extended ...