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2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, HFO-1234yf, is a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) with molecular formula CH 2 =CFCF 3. Its primary application is as a refrigerant with low global warming potential (GWP). [1] [2] As a refrigerant, it is designated R-1234yf [1] and marketed under the names Opteon YF by Chemours and as Solstice YF by Honeywell. [3]
trans-1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E), R-1234ze(E)) is a hydrofluoroolefin.It was developed as a "fourth generation" refrigerant to replace fluids such as R-134a, as a blowing agent for foam and aerosol applications, and in air horns and gas dusters. [3]
HFOs in use include: 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf, trademarked as Opteon YF) and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze). [7]cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzz-Z; DR-2) shows also a promise in high temperature applications like cogeneration, heat recovery and medium temperature heat pumps.
According to ASHRAE standard 34, the R-number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to its molecular structure and has between two and four digits. If there are carbon -carbon multiple bonds , there are four digits in all: the number of these bonds is the first digit and the number of carbon atoms minus one (C-1) is next.
The name is a trademark name owned by DuPont (now Chemours) for any chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), or hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant. Following the discovery of better synthesis methods, CFCs such as R-11, [5] R-12, [6] R-123 [5] and R-502 [7] dominated the market.
The refrigerant was developed by the DuPont/Honeywell company and is more expensive per pound than R-134a. R-1234yf can be found in late-model cars and is not cross-compatible with older R-134a or R-12 systems. Of the three refrigerants, R-1234yf is the best for the environment with the lowest global warming potential number which is about a three.
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Using CFCs or SF 6 as a tracer of ocean circulation allows for the derivation of rates for ocean processes due to the time-dependent source function. The elapsed time since a subsurface water mass was last in contact with the atmosphere is the tracer-derived age. [ 71 ]