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small-cell keratinizing squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8073/3) spindle-cell squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8074/3) It is also known as spindle-cell carcinoma, [23] and is a subtype characterized by spindle-shaped atypical cells. [24] adenoid/pseudoglandular squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8075/3) intraepidermal squamous-cell carcinoma (code 8081/3)
Squamous-cell carcinoma is a cancer of the squamous cell, a kind of epithelial cell found in both the skin and mucous membranes. It accounts for over 90% of all head and neck cancers, [ 89 ] including more than 90% of throat cancer. [ 22 ]
There is a risk of metastasis starting more than 10 years [citation needed] after diagnosable appearance of squamous-cell carcinoma, but the risk is low, [specify] though much [specify] higher than with basal-cell carcinoma. Squamous-cell cancers of the lip and ears have high rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis. [27]
In 2015, squamous cell cancer of the head and neck region was the fifth most common cancer other than skin cancer, globally, with an annual incidence of 600,000 cases and about 60,000 cases annually in the United States and Europe. [218] The global incidence of pharyngeal cancer in 2013 was estimated at 136,000 cases.
Laryngeal cancer is a kind of cancer that can develop in any part of the larynx (voice box). It is typically a squamous-cell carcinoma , reflecting its origin from the epithelium of the larynx. The prognosis is affected by the location of the tumour.
The two main types (i.e. squamous-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) have distinct sets of risk factors. [16] Squamous-cell carcinoma is linked to lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol. [19] Adenocarcinoma has been linked to effects of long-term acid reflux. [19] Tobacco is a risk factor for both types. [16]
Small cell lung cancer has a five-year survival rate of 4% according to Cancer Centers of America's Website. [5] The American Cancer Society reports 5-year relative survival rates of over 70% for women with stage 0-III breast cancer with a 5-year relative survival rate close to 100% for women with stage 0 or stage I breast cancer.
Average survival rates of the dominant squamous cell carcinoma are 72% for Hispanic and Asian-Pacific women, 68% for White women and 61% for Black women. [ 130 ] Regular screening has meant that precancerous changes and early-stage cervical cancers have been detected and treated early.