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Hyperbolic coordinates plotted on the Euclidean plane: all points on the same blue ray share the same coordinate value u, and all points on the same red hyperbola share the same coordinate value v. In mathematics, hyperbolic coordinates are a method of locating points in quadrant I of the Cartesian plane
In the hyperbolic plane, as in the Euclidean plane, each point can be uniquely identified by two real numbers. Several qualitatively different ways of coordinatizing the plane in hyperbolic geometry are used. This article tries to give an overview of several coordinate systems in use for the two-dimensional hyperbolic plane.
The difference between them is that they represent different coordinate charts laid down on the same metric space, namely the hyperbolic plane. The characteristic feature of the hyperbolic plane itself is that it has a constant negative Gaussian curvature , which is indifferent to the coordinate chart used.
Bipolar coordinates. Biangular coordinates Two-center bipolar coordinates. Euclidean space E 3: Polar spherical chart. Cylindrical chart. Elliptical cylindrical, hyperbolic cylindrical, parabolic cylindrical charts; Parabolic chart. Hyperbolic chart. Prolate spheroidal chart (rational and trigonometric forms) Oblate spheroidal chart (rational ...
These hyperbolic coordinates can be separated into two main variants depending on the accelerated observer's position: If the observer is located at time T = 0 at position X = 1/α (with α as the constant proper acceleration measured by a comoving accelerometer), then the hyperbolic coordinates are often called Rindler coordinates with the ...
The metric of the model on the half-plane, { , >}, is: = + ()where s measures the length along a (possibly curved) line. The straight lines in the hyperbolic plane (geodesics for this metric tensor, i.e., curves which minimize the distance) are represented in this model by circular arcs perpendicular to the x-axis (half-circles whose centers are on the x-axis) and straight vertical rays ...
The polar coordinates used most commonly for the hyperbola are defined relative to the Cartesian coordinate system that has its origin in a focus and its x-axis pointing toward the origin of the "canonical coordinate system" as illustrated in the first diagram. In this case the angle is called true anomaly.
Most hyperbolic surfaces have a non-trivial fundamental group π 1 = Γ; the groups that arise this way are known as Fuchsian groups. The quotient space H 2 / Γ of the upper half-plane modulo the fundamental group is known as the Fuchsian model of the hyperbolic surface. The Poincaré half plane is also hyperbolic, but is simply ...