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Bagan (Burmese: ပုဂံ; MLCTS: pu.gam, IPA: [bəɡàɰ̃]; formerly Pagan) is an ancient city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar. [1] From the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the capital of the Pagan Kingdom, the first kingdom that unified the regions that would later constitute Myanmar.
Bagan (Burmese: ပုဂံ; MLCTS: pu.gam, IPA: [bəɡàɰ̃]; formerly Pagan) is an ancient city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Myanmar. [1] During the 11th and 13th centuries, more than 10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries were constructed in the Bagan mainly lying in the Bagan Archaeological Zone . [ 2 ]
The Pagan "kingdom" Pyusawhti led was likely a small settlement among many other small settlements in the area. (The chronicles count 19 settlements.) In the 8th century, Pagan was not yet a city or even a city-state, let alone a "kingdom". The city was merely one of several competing city-states until the 10th century. [22]
The city-states boasted kings and palaces, moats and massive wooden gates, and always 12 gates for each of the signs of the zodiac, one of the many enduring patterns that would continue until the British occupation. Sri Ksetra emerged as the premier Pyu city-state in the 7th century AD.
The temple is located inside the city walls of old Bagan, Burma (Coordinates: 21.168965° N, 94.862738° E). [1] Nathlaung Kyaung Temple is to the west of the Thatbyinnyu Temple, and it is the only remaining Hindu temple in Bagan.
Tharabha Gate is the only surviving gate of the ancient Bagan city (previously known as Pagan); the Ananda temple is located to its southeast. Tharabar, a word derived from the Pali word "Sarabhanga", which literally means "shielded against arrows". Tharabar was one of the 12 gates of entry to the Pagan city built by King Pyinbya, in 849 AD.
' Foe-crusher City ') is the most famous classical name of the city of Bagan (Pagan), Myanmar. It means the "City that Tramples on Enemies." [1] The Burmese chronicles do not agree on the foundation facts. The 16th century chronicle Yazawin Kyaw states that it was founded in 156 CE by King Pyusawhti. [2]
The temple is recognized as Monument #1589 in the Bagan Archeological Area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [ 1 ] Located just to the southeast of what apparently were the ruins of the former royal palace founded by King Kyansittha (r. 1084–1113), [ 1 ] the temple was built by King Sithu I of Pagan (Bagan) in 1131. [ 2 ]