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Islamic and Mujédar stucco decoration followed the main types of ornamentation in Islamic art: geometric, arabesque or vegetal, and calligraphic motifs. [ 3 ] [ 2 ] Three-dimensional muqarnas was often also carved in stucco, [ 24 ] [ 7 ] most typically found as transitional elements on vaults, domes, capitals, friezes, and doorways.
Muqarnas (Arabic: مقرنص), also known in Iberian architecture as Mocárabe (from Arabic: مقربص, romanized: muqarbaṣ), is a form of three-dimensional decoration in Islamic architecture in which rows or tiers of niche-like elements are projected over others below. [1]
Restored historic apartment in the Mouassine Museum, Marrakesh, with examples of carved and painted decoration in wood and stucco. Traditional houses in Morocco are usually centered around a large internal courtyard, the wast ad-dar, and are characterized by a focus on interior decoration rather than on external appearance.
Mihrab of carved stucco decoration in the Jameh Mosque of Ardestan (circa 1160) [25] While brick decoration favoured geometric motifs, stucco or plaster was also used to cover some surfaces and this material could be carved with a wider range of vegetal and floral motifs . Tilework and color took on increased importance by the late 12th-century ...
Panel of stucco decoration from Abbasid Samarra (9th century), Iraq, exemplifying the "beveled" style that employed more abstract motifs. [43] Features from the late Umayyad period, such as vaulting, carved stucco, and painted wall decoration, were continued and elaborated in the Abbasid period. [39]
The inscription bands in the exterior and interior base of the dome have the same text - Sura 2, Aya 255 (the Throne Verse). [13] The one on the interior has a foliated border with a foliated background and one lotus flower, the latter a feature that shows the growing Chinese influence on Cairene art and architectural decoration. [11]