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The diathesis-stress model, also known as the vulnerability–stress model, is a psychological theory that attempts to explain a disorder, or its trajectory, as the result of an interaction between a predispositional vulnerability, the diathesis, and stress caused by life experiences.
A related view, the diathesis-stress model, posits that mental disorders result from genetic dispositions and environmental stressors, combining to cause patterns of distress or dysfunction. [19] The model is one way to explain why some individuals are more vulnerable to mental disorders than others.
The concept of Environmental Sensitivity integrates multiple theories on how people respond to negative and positive experiences. These include the frameworks of Diathesis-stress model [4] and Vantage Sensitivity, [5] as well as the three leading theories on more general sensitivity: Differential Susceptibility, [6] [7] Biological Sensitivity to Context, [8] and Sensory processing sensitivity ...
The diathesis–stress model [23] emphasizes the importance of applying multiple causality to psychopathology, by stressing that disorders are caused by both precipitating causes, and predisposing causes. A precipitating cause is an immediate trigger that instigates a person's action or behavior.
The diathesis refers to the inclination to illness. In the diathesis-stress relationship, hidden vulnerability is activated through events that the individual perceives as stressful. Vulnerability in psychological terms is implied as an increased probability of emotional pain and some type of psychopathology .
The diathesis-stress model is an interactionism approach. In the context of schizophrenia, diathesis is the vulnerability. Vulnerabilities can be either genetic predisposition or early experiences, or both. [22] Stressors are any event that can trigger a schizophrenia-vulnerable individual to the onset of the condition.