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A linear operator : between two topological vector spaces (TVSs) is called a bounded linear operator or just bounded if whenever is bounded in then () is bounded in . A subset of a TVS is called bounded (or more precisely, von Neumann bounded ) if every neighborhood of the origin absorbs it.
Thus a unitary operator is a bounded linear operator that is both an isometry and a coisometry, [1] or, equivalently, a surjective isometry. [2] An equivalent definition is the following: Definition 2. A unitary operator is a bounded linear operator U : H → H on a Hilbert space H for which the following hold: U is surjective, and
A Banach space is said to have bounded approximation property (BAP), if it has the -AP for some . A Banach space is said to have metric approximation property ( MAP ), if it is 1-AP. A Banach space is said to have compact approximation property ( CAP ), if in the definition of AP an operator of finite rank is replaced with a compact operator.
In functional analysis, the open mapping theorem, also known as the Banach–Schauder theorem or the Banach theorem [1] (named after Stefan Banach and Juliusz Schauder), is a fundamental result that states that if a bounded or continuous linear operator between Banach spaces is surjective then it is an open map.
For example, if X is a Banach space and T is a strictly singular operator in B(X) then its spectrum satisfies the following properties: (i) the cardinality of () is at most countable; (ii) () (except possibly in the trivial case where X is finite-dimensional); (iii) zero is the only possible limit point of (); and (iv) every nonzero () is an ...
Since the graph of T is closed, the proof reduces to the case when : is a bounded operator between Banach spaces. Now, factors as / .Dually, ′ is ′ () ′ ′ (/ ) ′ ′.
In operator theory, a bounded operator T: X → Y between normed vector spaces X and Y is said to be a contraction if its operator norm ||T || ≤ 1. This notion is a special case of the concept of a contraction mapping, but every bounded operator becomes a contraction after suitable scaling. The analysis of contractions provides insight into ...
An important class of examples is provided by Hilbert–Schmidt integral operators. Every bounded operator with a finite-dimensional range (these are called operators of finite rank) is a Hilbert–Schmidt operator. The identity operator on a Hilbert space is a Hilbert–Schmidt operator if and only if the Hilbert space is finite-dimensional.