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Põhjamaad means both "Nordic countries" and "Northern countries" in the modern Estonian language.Whereas very few Estonians self-identify as Scandinavians, the ethnic Estonians' homeland has been almost invariably referred to as põhjamaa ("Northern country", instead of "Western" or "Eastern" country), both in Estonian popular culture and media, as well as in surveys of public opinion and ...
During the Viking Age in Estonia, the area of Estonia was divided between two distinct cultural areas – Northern and Western Estonia, and Southeastern Estonia. Northern and Western Estonia which constituted 2/3 of Estonia and was densely populated, including Ösel , were deemed to be in the Scandinavian cultural area.
The Salme ships are two clinker-built ships of Scandinavian origin discovered in 2008 and 2010 near the village of Salme on the island of Saaremaa, Estonia.Both ships were used for ship burials here around AD 700–750 in the Nordic Iron Age and contained the remains of 41 warriors killed in battle, as well as 6 dogs, 2 hunting hawks and numerous weapons and other artifacts.
Finnic (Estonia and Finland) North Germanic (Denmark, the Faroe Islands , Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) Baltoscandia or the Baltoscandian Confederation is a geopolitical concept of a Baltic – Scandinavian ( Nordic ) union comprising Denmark , Estonia , Finland , Iceland , Latvia , Lithuania , Norway , and Sweden . [ 1 ]
The culture of Estonia combines an indigenous heritage, represented by the country's Finnic national language Estonian, with Nordic and German cultural aspects. Over the centuries, the culture of modern Estonia has been significantly influenced by that of the Germanic-speaking world . [ 1 ]
Toompea Castle (Toompea loss). Around 1050, the first fortress was built on Tallinn - Toompea. [3]As an important port for trade between Novgorod and Scandinavia, it became a target for the expansion of the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Denmark during the period of Northern Crusades in the beginning of the 13th century when Christianity was forcibly imposed on the local population.
Estonia has built close relationship with the Nordic countries, especially Finland and Sweden, and is a member of Nordic-Baltic Eight. [ 287 ] [ 297 ] Joint Nordic-Baltic projects include the education programme Nordplus [ 298 ] and mobility programmes for business and industry [ 299 ] and for public administration. [ 300 ]
The islands of the Euroregion B7 Baltic Islands Network, which includes the islands and archipelagos Åland (autonomous region of Finland), Bornholm , Gotland , Hiiumaa (Estonia), Öland , Rügen , and Saaremaa (Estonia). [13] On historic Scandinavian and German maps, the Balticum sometimes includes only the historically or culturally German ...