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An ARP warden in Poplar, London at the start of the Second World War. By the outbreak of war there were more than 1.5 million involved in the various ARP services. [8] There were around 1.4 million ARP wardens in Britain during the war. Full-time ARP staff peaked at just over 131,000 in December 1940 (nearly 20,000 were women).
The Civil Defence Service included the ARP Wardens Service as well as firemen (initially the Auxiliary Fire Service (AFS) and latterly the National Fire Service (NFS)), fire watchers (later the Fire Guard), rescue, first aid post and stretcher parties. Over 1.9 million people served within the CD and nearly 2,400 lost their lives to enemy action.
Chief ARP Warden William Hodges, commonly known as "Hodges", is a fictional greengrocer and chief air raid warden first portrayed by Bill Pertwee in the British television sitcom Dad's Army. [1] Created by series writers Jimmy Perry and David Croft , Hodges served as Captain Mainwaring 's main rival in the series, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and was noted for ...
The Ministry's responsibilities covered all central and regional civil defence organisations, such as air raid wardens, rescue squads, fire services, and the Women’s Voluntary Service. It was also responsible for giving approval to local ARP schemes and providing public shelters.
Thomas Hopper Alderson, GC (15 September 1903 – 28 October 1965) was a British Air Raid Precautions (ARP) warden in Bridlington, and the first person to be directly awarded the George Cross (GC) shortly after its creation in 1940. Born in Sunderland, Alderson was educated in West Hartlepool.
Ita Ekpenyon (1899–1951) was a Nigerian teacher and actor who was also the only known black Air Raid Precautions (ARP) warden in the United Kingdom. Ekpenyon was a teacher in Nigeria but came to London to study law. A speaker of the Efik language, he contributed to a textbook that was used by colonial authorities in Nigeria.
The latter controlled the ARP wardens. The BCC managed rescue and demolition; installed and maintained the electrically-operated air raid sirens (operated by the police); equipped first aid sheds; and constructed public air raid shelters while supervising the building of private air raid shelters.
The blackout was enforced by civilian ARP wardens who would ensure that no buildings allowed the slightest peek or glow of light. [10] Offenders were liable to stringent legal penalties. [7] Blackout restrictions greatly increased the dangers of night driving and fatalities increased as a consequence.