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x86 memory segmentation. The Intel x86 computer instruction set architecture has supported memory segmentation since the original Intel 8086 in 1978. It allows programs to address more than 64 KB (65,536 bytes) of memory, the limit in earlier 80xx processors. In 1982, the Intel 80286 added support for virtual memory and memory protection; the ...
Four registers are used to refer to four segments on the 16-bit x86 segmented memory architecture. DS (data segment), CS (code segment), SS (stack segment), and ES (extra segment). Another 16-bit register can act as an offset into a given segment, and so a logical address on this platform is written segment:offset, typically in hexadecimal ...
Memory segmentation is an operating system memory management technique of dividing a computer ... Intel x86 memory segmentation does not fit either model and is ...
This memory model has remained ever since in the x86 machines, which now provide multi-mode operation and rarely operate in the compatible segmented mode. [clarification needed] See x86 memory segmentation for details. saves RAM by moving the segment address, this allows short jumps that require fewer bytes.
Segment descriptor. In memory addressing for Intel x86 computer architectures, segment descriptors are a part of the segmentation unit, used for translating a logical address to a linear address. Segment descriptors describe the memory segment referred to in the logical address. [1] The segment descriptor (8 bytes long in 80286 and later ...
In computing, protected mode, also called protected virtual address mode, [1] is an operational mode of x86-compatible central processing units (CPUs). It allows system software to use features such as segmentation, virtual memory, paging and safe multi-tasking designed to increase an operating system's control over application software.
e. Real mode, also called real address mode, is an operating mode of all x86 -compatible CPUs. The mode gets its name from the fact that addresses in real mode always correspond to real locations in memory. Real mode is characterized by a 20- bit segmented memory address space (giving 1 MB of addressable memory) and unlimited direct software ...
x86-64 is a 64-bit extension of x86 that almost entirely removes segmentation in favor of the flat memory model used by almost all operating systems for the 386 or newer processors. In long mode, all segment offsets are ignored, except for the FS and GS segments.