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U.S. Army Field Manual, TC 3-21.5, Drill and Ceremonies, Department of the Army (2009). Lockhart, Paul Douglas. The drillmaster of Valley Forge: The Baron de Steuben and the making of the American Army. HarperCollins, New York 2008. ISBN 0-06-145163-0; The Encyclopedia Of Military History: From 3500 B.C. To The Present.
Under both Army Regulation (AR) 145-1 and federal law, the ROTC programs at the senior military colleges are treated differently from those at other schools.. Unlike ROTC programs elsewhere, the Department of Defense is prohibited from closing or reducing the ROTC programs at an SMC, even during time of war (full or total mobilization).
David Axe (2007) Army 101: Inside ROTC in a Time of War. Charles Johnson (2002) African Americans and ROTC: Military, Naval, and Aeroscience Programs at Historically Black Colleges 1916 — 1973. Betty J. Morden (1990) Women's Army Corps, p 287. Jennifer M. Silva, "ROTC", chapter 35 of Gender and Higher Education by Barbara J. Bank.
The program is known to increase student attendance, boost graduation rates and reduce discipline issues.
NJROTC cadets visiting USS Theodore Roosevelt in November 2005. According to Title 10, Section 2031 [1] of the United States Code, the purpose of the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps is "to instill in students in [the United States] secondary educational institutions the values of citizenship, service to the United States, and personal responsibility and a sense of accomplishment."
In the United States, the National Defense Cadet Corps (NDCC) was the forerunner to the current Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) program and is essentially identical to it with just one exception: The NDCC is funded internally by the schools that opt for a military training system like JROTC but without any financial assistance from the Department of Defense.
The ROTC Medal for Heroism is the highest United States Department of the Army medal awarded exclusively to Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps cadets. This award is presented to cadets who perform acts of heroism. As with other Department of the Army decorations, the award consists of a medal and ribbon, accompanied by DA Form 638. [2]
However, each ROTC unit is generally smaller than a battalion, as each contains around 100 cadets on average. [1] The brigade commands 43 such battalions located at universities throughout the south. Additionally, the brigade commands 214 Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps programs throughout the five states and Puerto Rico.