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  2. Pure Theory of Law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pure_Theory_of_Law

    Already in 1913, Kelsen had identified the need for a legal theoretic framework to support the idea of the Rechtsstaat. [5]Adolf Julius Merkl [de; pt] was a student of Kelsen's who made important contributions starting in 1918 in the area of hierarchy of norms that would help underpin some of Kelsen's ideas on norms and how they fit into his pure theory of law.

  3. Hans Kelsen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Kelsen

    Kelsen throughout his active career was also a significant contributor to the theory of judicial review, the hierarchical and dynamic theory of positive law, and the science of law. In political philosophy he was a defender of the state-law identity theory and an advocate of maintaining an explicit contrast between the themes of centralization ...

  4. Legal norm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_norm

    Kelsen puts forth the argument that the Basic Norm is presupposed when an individual chooses to interpret the actions of authoritative officials in a normative way. [10] In his book Pure Theory of Law, Hans Kelsen aims to provide a holistic definition of law by embodying a comprehensive analysis of legal normativity and systematic structures ...

  5. Jurisprudence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisprudence

    Jurisprudence, also known as theory of law or philosophy of law, is the examination in a general perspective of what law is and what it ought to be. It investigates issues such as the definition of law; legal validity; legal norms and values; as well as the relationship between law and other fields of study, including economics , ethics ...

  6. Legal positivism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_positivism

    They include the theory that the law is a set of commands issued by the sovereign authority, whose binding force is guaranteed by the threat of sanctions (coercitive imperativism); a theory of legal sources, in which statute law enjoys supremacy (legalism); a theory of the legal order, which is supposed to be a complete and coherent system of ...

  7. Jurisprudence of values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurisprudence_of_values

    Jurisprudence of values or jurisprudence of principles is a school of legal philosophy. This school represents, according to some authors, a step in overcoming the contradictions of legal positivism [ note 1 ] and, for this reason, it has been considered by some authors as a post-positivism school. [ 1 ]

  8. Nursing process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_process

    The nursing process is a modified scientific method which is a fundamental part of nursing practices in many countries around the world. [1] [2] [3] Nursing practise was first described as a four-stage nursing process by Ida Jean Orlando in 1958. [4] It should not be confused with nursing theories or health informatics. The diagnosis phase was ...

  9. Analytical jurisprudence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytical_jurisprudence

    Analytical jurisprudence is not to be mistaken for legal formalism (the idea that legal reasoning is or can be modelled as a mechanical, algorithmic process). Indeed, it was the analytical jurists who first pointed out that legal formalism is fundamentally mistaken as a theory of law.