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As a general rule, fixed foundation offshore wind turbines are considered technically viable in areas with water depth less than 50 metres (160 ft) and average wind speeds over 7 metres per second (23 ft/s). [68] Floating offshore wind turbines are considered technically viable with water depths from 50 to 1,000 metres (160 to 3,280 ft).
The offshore wind farm consists of 11 Siemens Games SG 8.0-167 DD turbines with a system capacity of 8 MW. Each wind turbine has three 81.5 m blades with 176 m diameter rotors.
IEC TS 61400-3-2:2019 Design requirements for floating offshore wind turbines; IEC 61400-4:2012 Design requirements for wind turbine gearboxes; IEC 61400-5:2020 Wind turbine blades; IEC 61400-6:2020 Tower and foundation design requirements; IEC 61400-8:2024 Design of wind turbine structural components
The exploration of offshore wind energy started with the introduction of monopile foundations for wind turbines in a range from 1 up to 3MW in water depth of about 10 to 20m during the 1990s. [2] Germany has been facing water depths up to 40m, when it joined this new field of renewable energy .
Blue H Technologies - World's first floating wind turbine (80 kW), installed in waters 113 metres (371 ft) deep in 2007, 21.3 kilometres (13.2 mi) off the coast of Apulia, Italy The world's second full-scale floating wind turbine (and first to be installed without the use of heavy-lift vessels), the 2 MW WindFloat, about 5 km offshore of Aguçadoura, Portugal University of Maine's 20 kW ...
An example of a wind turbine, this 3 bladed turbine is the classic design of modern wind turbines Wind turbine components : 1-Foundation, 2-Connection to the electric grid, 3-Tower, 4-Access ladder, 5-Wind orientation control (Yaw control), 6-Nacelle, 7-Generator, 8-Anemometer, 9-Electric or Mechanical Brake, 10-Gearbox, 11-Rotor blade, 12-Blade pitch control, 13-Rotor hub
Offshore construction began in April 2017. [7] As of 15 May 2018, 56 of the total 84 turbine and 2 OTM jackets had been installed, first power from the main phase was generated in July 2018, with full commissioning expected to follow in spring 2019. [8] [9] [10] In January 2019, the wind farm was connected to the new Caithness - Moray Link.
The wind farm consists of 114 Vestas V164 wind turbines with a capacity of 10 MW each. The farm has a total capacity of 1,075 MW, [ 2 ] and became the largest offshore wind farm in Scotland when it became fully operational in 2023.