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The ōguchi-hakama (大口袴) are red under-pants, with closed crotch, tied off on the wearer's left. The uenobakama (表袴), white and with an open fly, is then worn over the ōguchi-hakama, tied off on the right. These hakama designs can be traced to the Nara period. [citation needed]
In modern times, Shinto priests, including female priests, wear traditional hakama with gake (formal pleats) gussets, and such clothing is also worn by miko in certain shrines. Some shrines also require their mikos to wear hakama with gussets, and some shrines also use oguchi hakama .
Hakama were historically worn by both men and women, and in modern-day can be worn to a variety of formal (for women) and informal (for men) events. A hakama is typically pleated at the waist and fastened by waist ties over the obi. Shorter kimono may be worn underneath the hakama for ease of movement.
A miko (), or shrine maiden, [1] [2] is a young priestess [3] who works at a Shinto shrine. Miko were once likely seen as shamans, [4] but are understood in modern Japanese culture to be an institutionalized [5] role in daily life, trained to perform tasks, ranging from sacred cleansing [4] to performing the sacred Kagura dance.
Hakama, a type of pants worn underneath the armour, hakama could be long or short like the kobakama. Shitagi, a shirt worn underneath the armour. Tabi, a cloth sock with divided toes. Waraji, a woven sandal also known as zōri. Kutsu, short riding boots made from leather. Yugake, gloves that were worn under the kote.
Photograph of a man and woman wearing traditional clothing, taken in Osaka, Japan. There are typically two types of clothing worn in Japan: traditional clothing known as Japanese clothing (和服, wafuku), including the national dress of Japan, the kimono, and Western clothing (洋服, yōfuku) which encompasses all else not recognised as either national dress or the dress of another country.