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Vote cast against Themistocles. A quorum of 6,000 was required for ostracism under the Athenian democracy, according to Plutarch; a similar quorum was necessary in the following century for grants of citizenship. [1] A quorum is the minimum number of members of a group necessary to constitute the group at a meeting. [2]
Members of the House use the same electronic system as is used for voting to register their presence; in the Senate, one of the clerks will read out a roll call of senators, who indicate their presence when called. In fact, if any Senator "suggests the absence of a quorum", the Presiding Officer must direct the roll to be called. For practical ...
Under the rules and customs of the Senate, a quorum is always assumed to be present unless a quorum call explicitly demonstrates otherwise. Any senator may request a quorum call by "suggesting the absence of a quorum"; a clerk then calls the roll of the Senate and notes which members are present. In practice, senators almost always request ...
There are a variety of means for members to vote on bills, including systems using lights and bells and electronic voting. [13] Most votes, including quorum votes, are done electronically, and allow members to vote "yea" or "nay" or "present". [13] They light up when the vote is in process. [13]
In Arkansas the quorum court of a county is the legislative body of that county. [1] The chief executive officer of each county is the county judge, who sits on the quorum court primarily as a moderator but enjoys the power of veto. The county judge is in charge of the county road system, and can fill in for circuit court judges in their ...
Under the Enforcement Act of 1870, and subsequent laws, false registration, bribery, voting without legal right, making false returns of votes cast, interference in any manner with officers of election, and the neglect by any such officer of any duty required by state or federal law were made federal offenses. Provision was made for the ...
The voting basis refers to the set of members considered when calculating whether a proposal has a majority, [10] i.e. the denominator used in calculating the percent support for a vote. Common voting bases include: Members present and voting: Members who cast a vote. Often called a simple majority, and excludes abstentions.
The Manual covers motions, procedures, vote requirements, the rules of order, principles, precedents, and legal basis behind parliamentary law used by legislatures. The author, Paul Mason (1898–1985), was a scholar who worked for the California State Senate.