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A sample wind tunnel layout showing some typical features including a test section and control room, a machine for pumping air continuously through ducting, and a nozzle for setting the test airspeed. A wind tunnel is "an apparatus for producing a controlled stream of air for conducting aerodynamic experiments". [1]
Low Speed Wind Tunnel 1.15 m (3 ft 9 in) by 0.95 m (3 ft 1 in) Flow Visualisation Wind Tunnel 0.90 m (2 ft 11 in) by 0.90 m (2 ft 11 in) United Kingdom University of Manchester [17] Operational Hypersonic wind tunnel 6 in (150 mm) diameter Trisonic wind tunnel 0.15 m (5.9 in) by 0.3 m (1 ft 0 in)
The first human to fly in a vertical wind tunnel was Jack Tiffany in 1964 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base located in Greene and Montgomery County, Ohio.. In 1982 Jean St-Germain, an inventor from Drummondville, Quebec, [2] sold a vertical wind tunnel concept to both Les Thompson and Marvin Kratter, both of whom went on to build their own wind tunnels.
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The Full-Scale Tunnel [4] (abbreviated FST, also known as the 30-by 60-Foot Tunnel [5]) was a wind tunnel at NASA's Langley Research Center. It was a National Historic Landmark . In 1929, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics began construction of the world's first full-scale wind tunnel, where high-performance airplane would be tested.
Transonic wind tunnels, between Mach 0.75 and Mach 1.2 (920 and 1,500 km/h; 570 and 910 mph; 260 and 410 m/s), are designed on similar principles as subsonic tunnels but present additional challenges, primarily due to the reflection of shock waves from the walls of the test section. To mitigate this, perforated or slotted walls are used to ...
The R. J. Mitchell Wind Tunnel is a closed test section, closed return type wind tunnel powered by a 746 kW (1,000 hp) electric motor. The test section is 3.5m wide by 2.4m high (11 ft by 8 ft) and the tunnel is capable of creating wind speeds of up to 40 m/s (90 mph).
Unlike full-scale wind tunnels, the NTF can adjust airflow to match any model size down to 1/50 scale. The facility can operate at temperatures ranging from -250°F to + 150°F. [1] To achieve lower than ambient temperature, liquid nitrogen is sprayed into the tunnel through nozzles upwind of the fan used to accelerate the air.