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In the development of vertebrate animals, the functional matrix hypothesis is a phenomenological description of bone growth. It proposes that "the origin, development and maintenance of all skeletal units are secondary, compensatory and mechanically obligatory responses to temporally and operationally prior demands of related functional matrices."
Bone Modeling is known as formation of new bone from either cartilage or by direct deposition, mostly during growth and development. This usually does lead to changes in size and shape over time. [3] Growth Sites is a term proposed by Baume. [4] Growth Sites serve as a location in the bone where the actual growth occurs.
The methods applied to infer convergent evolution depend on whether pattern-based or process-based convergence is expected. Pattern-based convergence is the broader term, for when two or more lineages independently evolve patterns of similar traits. Process-based convergence is when the convergence is due to similar forces of natural selection ...
Whole protein structural convergence is not thought to occur but some convergence of pockets and secondary structural elements have been documented. Some secondary structure convergence occurs due to some residues favouring being in α-helix (helical propensity) and for hydrophobic patches or pocket to be formed at the ends of the parallel sheets.
The epiphyseal plate, epiphysial plate, physis, or growth plate is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.It is the part of a long bone where new bone growth takes place; that is, the whole bone is alive, with maintenance remodeling throughout its existing bone tissue, but the growth plate is the place where the long bone grows longer (adds length).
The type of growth maintained by chondroblasts is called appositional bone growth and increases the birth of the affected tissue. Perichondrium, and thus chondroblasts, are not found on the articular cartilage surfaces of joints .
It’s composed of highly active chondrocytes and responsible for longitudinal bone growth. Consequently, the bone elongates at this growth plate until closure occurs at skeletal maturity. At the end of an individual’s growth period, the production of new cartilage in the epiphyseal plate stops.
Skeletochronology is a technique used to determine the individual, chronological ages of vertebrates by counting lines of arrested, annual growth, also known as LAGs, within skeletal tissues. [1] Within the annual bone growth specimens, there are broad and narrow lines. Broad lines represent the growth period and narrow lines represent a growth ...