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But SAE also allows designating an oil with two viscosity grades, referred to as a multi-grade oil. For example, 10W-30 designates a common multi-grade oil. A 10W-30 oil must pass the SAE J300 viscosity grade requirements for both 10W and 30, and all limitations placed on the viscosity grades, such as the requirement that a 10W oil must fail ...
The grades include single grades, such as SAE 30, and also multi-grades such as SAE 15W-30. A multi-grade consists of a winter grade specifying the viscosity at cold temperatures and a non-winter grade specifying the viscosity at operating temperatures. An engine oil using a polymeric viscosity index improver (VII) must be classified as multi ...
JASO establishes standards for various types of engine oil, including the highest grade for two-stroke engines, which is JASO FD, and JASO MA for four-stroke engines, such as those found in motorcycles. JASO is a part of the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (財団法人自動車技術会, Zaidan-hōjin Jidōsha Gijutsukai, JSAE).
For example, most modern gearboxes require a GL-4 oil, and separate differentials (where fitted) require a GL-5 oil. While they take the same form, the viscosity grades for gear oils are on a different scale than the viscosity grades for an engine oil. The viscometrics for gear oils are standardized in SAE J306.
The mini-rotary viscometer is a device used to measure the pumpability of an engine oil at low temperatures. [1] [2] Engine oils must meet viscometric standards including those determined by the MRV in order to be classifiable within SAE J300 viscosity grades. The requirement was added after the winters of 1980-81 and 1981-82 caused major ...
Grades 0, 1 and 2 are used in highly loaded gearing. Grades 1 through 4 are often used in rolling contact bearings . Greases with a higher number are firmer, tend to stay in place and are a good choice when leakage is a concern.