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The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 121– 140. Frank, Richard M. (1978). Beings and Their Attributes: The Teaching of the Basrian School of the Mu'tazila in the Classical Period. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-378-8. Gilliot, Claude (2007). "Attributes of God". Encyclopedia of Islam, E3. pp. 176 ...
According to a hadith attributed to ibn Abbas, God created four types of intelligent beings; those among whom all will be in paradise - they are the angels; all those who will be in hell-fire - they are the devils; and creatures both in paradise and hell - they are the jinn and humans. [1] Most creatures can be assigned to these.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 4 February 2025. Part of a series on Islam Allah (God in Islam) Allah Jalla Jalālah in Arabic calligraphy Theology Allah Names Attributes Phrases and expressions Islam (religion) Throne of God Sufi metaphysics Theology Schools of Islamic theology Oneness Kalam Anthropomorphism and corporealism ...
The Quran teaches the existence of a single and absolute truth that transcends the world—a unique, independent and indivisible being who is independent of the entire creation. [10] God, according to Islam, is a universal God, rather than a local, tribal, or parochial one, and is an absolute who integrates all affirmative values. [6]
In the early years of Islam, some surahs of the Quran came to be known by several different names, sometimes varying by region. [19] This surah was among those to receive many different titles. It is a short declaration of tawhid, God's absolute oneness, consisting of four ayat. Al-Ikhlas means "the purity" or "the refining".
Talismanic shirt inscribed with the 99 names of God as well as Quranic verses and prayers, Turkey, 18th century, Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage. The Arabic names of God are used to form theophoric given names commonly used in Muslim cultures throughout the world, mostly in Arabic speaking societies.
Maqām [1] (Arabic: مَقَام "station"; plural مَقَامَات maqāmāt) refers to each stage a Sufi's soul must attain in its search for God. [2] The stations are derived from the most routine considerations a Sufi must deal with on a day-to-day basis and is essentially an embodiment of both mystical knowledge and Islamic law ().
The Islamic tradition to use Allah as the personal name of God became disputed in contemporary scholarship, including the question, whether or not the word Allah should be translated as God. [70] Umar Faruq Abd-Allah urged English-speaking Muslims to use God instead of Allah for the sake of finding "extensive middle ground we share with other ...