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Perhaps the most technically challenging conversion to make is the PAL and SÉCAM to NTSC conversion. PAL and SÉCAM use 625 lines at 50 fields/s or 25 frames/s; NTSC uses 525 lines at 59.94 fields/s (60000/1001) or 30 frames/s; The NTSC standard is temporally and spatially incompatible with both PAL and SÉCAM.
When operating in this mode most of them do not output a true (625/50) PAL signal, but rather a hybrid consisting of the original NTSC line standard (525/60), with colour converted to PAL 4.43 MHz (instead of 3.58 as with NTSC and South American PAL variants and with the PAL-specific phase alternation of colour difference signal between the ...
In NTSC, its frequency is exactly 315/88 = 3.579 54 [a] MHz with a phase of 180°. PAL uses a frequency of exactly 4.43361875 MHz, with its phase alternating between 135° and 225° from line to line. Since the colorburst signal has a known amplitude, it is sometimes used as a reference level when compensating for amplitude variations in the ...
A composite video signal combines, on one wire, the video information required to recreate a color picture, as well as line and frame synchronization pulses. The color video signal is a linear combination of the luminance (Y) of the picture and a chrominance subcarrier which carries the color information (C), a combination of hue and saturation .
In the USA proper, the ability for an American TV set, or DVD player to play back a PAL DVD became widespread throughout the 2000s. By 2009 about 80% of DVD and TV setups in the United States could play a PAL DVD. So now a PAL DVD can be sold in the United States, without the need about issues with the DVD, converted into NTSC.
This converts 30 frame/second time code to the 29.97 frame/second NTSC standard. Bit 15, the color framing bit, is set to 1 if the time code is synchronized to a (color) video signal. The frame number modulo 2 (for NTSC and SECAM) or modulo 4 (for PAL) should be preserved across cuts in order to avoid phase jumps in the chrominance subcarrier.
Burst phase is the first ten cycles of colorburst in the "porch" of the synchronising pulse in the PAL (Phase Alternation Line) broadcast television systems format. The frequency of this burst is 4.43361875 MHz; it is precise to 0.5 Hz, and is used as the reference frequency to synchronise the local oscillators of the colour decoder in a PAL television set.
Interlacing divides the frame into two fields, each containing half the number of lines. Each field is scanned in 1/60 second under the 525-line system (or 480i – often incorrectly referred to as NTSC) or 1/50 of a second under the 625-line system (or 576i – often incorrectly referred to as PAL). With interlaced systems there are an odd ...