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In mechanical engineering, chi is used as a symbol for the reduction factor of relevant buckling loads in the EN 1993, a European Standard for the design of steel structures. In graph theory , a lowercase chi is used to represent a graph's chromatic number .
The distribution was independently rediscovered by the English mathematician Karl Pearson in the context of goodness of fit, for which he developed his Pearson's chi-squared test, published in 1900, with computed table of values published in (Elderton 1902), collected in (Pearson 1914, pp. xxxi–xxxiii, 26–28, Table XII). The name "chi ...
In probability theory and statistics, the chi distribution is a continuous probability distribution over the non-negative real line. It is the distribution of the positive square root of a sum of squared independent Gaussian random variables .
A chi-squared test (also chi-square or χ 2 test) is a statistical hypothesis test used in the analysis of contingency tables when the sample sizes are large. In simpler terms, this test is primarily used to examine whether two categorical variables ( two dimensions of the contingency table ) are independent in influencing the test statistic ...
Prime symbol ' The prime symbol is often used to modify notation for graph invariants so that it applies to the line graph instead of the given graph. For instance, α(G) is the independence number of a graph; α′(G) is the matching number of the graph, which equals the independence number of its line graph.
the symbol ϖ, a graphic variant of π, is sometimes construed as omega with a bar over it; see π; the unsaturated fats nomenclature in biochemistry (e.g. ω−3 fatty acids) the first uncountable ordinal (also written as Ω) the clique number (number of vertices in a maximum clique) of a graph in graph theory
The volume magnetic susceptibility, represented by the symbol χ v (often simply χ, sometimes χ m – magnetic, to distinguish from the electric susceptibility), is defined in the International System of Units – in other systems there may be additional constants – by the following relationship: [4] [5]
For the test of independence, also known as the test of homogeneity, a chi-squared probability of less than or equal to 0.05 (or the chi-squared statistic being at or larger than the 0.05 critical point) is commonly interpreted by applied workers as justification for rejecting the null hypothesis that the row variable is independent of the ...