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Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. Ferromagnetic materials are noticeably attracted to a magnet, which is a consequence of their substantial ...
Hysteresis loop Induction B as function of field strength H for H varying between H min and H max; for ferromagnetic material the B has different values for H going up and down, therefore a plot of the function forms a loop instead of a curve joining two points; for perminvar type materials, the loop is a "rectangle" (Domain Structure of Perminvar Having a Rectangular Hysteresis Loop, Williams ...
A magnetic alloy is a combination of various metals from the periodic table such as ferrite that exhibits magnetic properties such as ferromagnetism.Typically the alloy contains one of the three main magnetic elements (which appear on the Bethe-Slater curve): iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), or cobalt (Co).
This page is a list of substances which exhibit ferromagnetism in the broad sense that includes ferrimagnetism. Some of these are elemental metals , while others are alloys , oxides or other chemical compounds .
These include the elements iron, nickel and cobalt and their alloys, some alloys of rare-earth metals, and some naturally occurring minerals such as lodestone. Although ferromagnetic (and ferrimagnetic) materials are the only ones attracted to a magnet strongly enough to be commonly considered magnetic, all other substances respond weakly to a ...
The elements Dysprosium and Erbium each have two magnetic transitions. They are paramagnetic at room temperature, but become helimagnetic below their respective Néel temperatures, and then become ferromagnetic below their Curie temperatures. The elements Holmium, Terbium, and Thulium display even more complicated magnetic structures. [7]
Ferromagnetic materials are magnetic in the absence of an applied magnetic field. When a magnetic field is absent the material has spontaneous magnetization which is a result of the ordered magnetic moments; that is, for ferromagnetism, the atoms are symmetrical and aligned in the same direction creating a permanent magnetic field.
Like ferromagnetic substances, ferrimagnetic substances are attracted by magnets and can be magnetized to make permanent magnets. The oldest known magnetic substance, magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), is ferrimagnetic, but was classified as a ferromagnet before Louis Néel discovered ferrimagnetism in 1948. [ 2 ]