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Guaifenesin might act as an expectorant by increasing the volume and reducing the viscosity of secretions in the trachea and bronchi via stimulation of the gastric mucosa. . This stimulation leads to an increased parasympathetic activity in the respiratory tract via the so-called gastro-pulmonary reflex, although some in vitro studies suggested that it might also act directly on the ...
Dextromethorphan, sold under the brand name Robitussin among others, is a cough suppressant used in many cough and cold medicines. [6] In 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the combination dextromethorphan/bupropion to serve as a rapid-acting antidepressant in people with major depressive disorder.
The FDA in 2015 warned that the use of codeine-containing cough medication in children may cause breathing problems. [32] Cold syrup overdose has been linked to visual and auditory hallucinations as well as rapid involuntary jaw, tongue, and eye movements in children. [medical citation needed]
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Vicks NyQuil is a brand of over-the-counter medication manufactured by Procter & Gamble intended for the relief of various symptoms of the common cold.All medications within the NyQuil imprint contain sedating antihistamines, hypnotics, and/or alcohol; they are intended to be taken before sleep.
Side effects of doxylamine include dizziness, drowsiness, and dry mouth, among others. [4] Doxylamine is a potent anticholinergic and has a side-effect profile common to such drugs, including blurred vision , dry mouth, constipation , muscle incoordination , urinary retention , mental confusion , and delirium .
Because of the potential for more severe side effects, this drug is on the list to avoid in the elderly. [22] In many countries (including the US and UK), promethazine is contraindicated in children less than two years of age, and strongly cautioned against in children between two and six, due to problems with respiratory depression and sleep ...
Phenobarbital can cause hyperactivity in children. This may follow after a small dose of 20 mg, on condition of no phenobarbital administered in previous days. [10] Prerequisite for this reaction is a continued sense of tension. The mechanism of action is not known, but it may be started by the anxiolytic action of the phenobarbital. [citation ...