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The pawn (♙, ♟) is the most numerous and weakest piece in the game of chess.It may move one square directly forward, it may move two squares directly forward on its first move, and it may capture one square diagonally forward.
The first known publication of chess rules was in a book by Luis Ramírez de Lucena about 1497, shortly after the movement of the queen, bishop, and pawn were changed to their modern form. [111] Ruy López de Segura gave rules of chess in his 1561 book Libro de la invencion liberal y arte del juego del axedrez. [112]
The notation for chess moves evolved slowly, as these examples show. The last is in algebraic chess notation; the others show the evolution of descriptive chess notation and use spelling and notation of the period. 1614: The white king commands his owne knight into the third house before his owne bishop. 1750: K. knight to His Bishop's 3d.
[18]: 49 Chess players debated this point in the 19th century, with some arguing that the right to capture en passant is a "privilege" that one cannot be compelled to exercise. In his 1860 book Chess Praxis, Howard Staunton wrote that the en passant capture is mandatory in such a position; the rules of chess were amended to make this clear.
One old set of chess rules says, "A promoted pawn became a ferz, with the move of the queen." [ citation needed ] In Italy, in the 18th and early 19th centuries, a pawn could be promoted only to a captured piece; if none of the promoting player's non-pawn pieces were captured, the pawn remained inactive until a piece became available, whereupon ...
In a game of chess, the pawn structure (sometimes known as the pawn skeleton) is the configuration of pawns on the chessboard.Because pawns are the least mobile of the chess pieces, the pawn structure is relatively static and thus plays a large role in determining the strategic character of the position.
Algebraic notation is the standard method of chess notation, used for recording and describing moves. It is based on a system of coordinates to uniquely identify each square on the board. [ 1 ] It is now almost universally used by books, magazines, newspapers and software, and is the only form of notation recognized by FIDE , [ 2 ] the ...
The movable figures placed on the board in a game of chess. Includes both pieces and pawns. [83] Singular: chessman. chess notation See notation. chess opening See opening. chess problem Also called composition. A wooden chess set and board chess set The thirty-two pieces required for a game, plus a chessboard. chess variant