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Fine motor skills are the coordination of small muscle movements which occur e.g., in the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes. In application to motor skills of hands (and fingers) the term dexterity is commonly used. The term 'dexterity' is defined by Latash and Turrey (1996) as a 'harmony in movements' (p. 20).
They are first seen during infancy, toddler-hood, preschool and school age. "Basic" fine motor skills gradually develop and are typically mastered between the ages of 6–12 in children. Fine motor skills develop with age and practice. If deemed necessary, occupational therapy can help improve overall fine motor skills. [2]
The impact of free play on a child’s development is multifaceted as it cultivates both gross and fine motor skills through movement, manipulation of objects, and experimentation with physical capabilities. [5] Children also develop strength, coordination, balance, and dexterity as they climb, jump, run, build, and manipulate toys. [6]
In children, a critical period for the development of motor skills is preschool years (ages 3–5), as fundamental neuroanatomic structure shows significant development, elaboration, and myelination over the course of this period. [7] Many factors contribute to the rate that children develop their motor skills.
Results of the research showed that children in the movement-based group exhibited higher levels of engagement, motor skill development, and enjoyment in learning. This research emphasized the importance of considering physical environments in early education for enhancing learning experiences. [12]
Enhances the development of brain function, coordination, social skills, and gross motor skills; During this stage, it is important to look at play-based activities. A child and toddler are more likely to enact activities into a daily routine if it is fun and basic in terms of skill level and equipment required.