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This is a list of icebreakers and other special icebreaking vessels (except cargo ships and tankers) capable of operating independently in ice-covered waters. Ships known to be in service are presented in bold .
Prior to ocean-going ships, ice breaking technology was developed on inland canals and rivers using laborers with axes and hooks. The first recorded primitive icebreaker ship was a barge used by the Belgian town of Bruges in 1383 to help clear the town moat.
Although icebreaking cargo ships had been built in the past, their hull forms were always compromises between open water performance and icebreaking capability. A good icebreaking bow, designed to break the ice by bending it under the ship's weight, has very poor open water characteristics and is subjected to slamming in heavy weather. However ...
In addition to her ice-breaking duties, the Mackinaw also serves as an Aids-to-Navigation ship, since she is able to perform the same duties as the Seagoing Buoy Tenders (WLB) of the Coast Guard fleet. Further, she can conduct law enforcement and search-and-rescue missions and can deploy an oil-skimming system to respond to oil-spill situations ...
Polar-class icebreakers USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10), USCGC Polar Sea (WAGB-11) are heavy icebreakers operated by the United States Coast Guard (USCG). These cutters, specifically designed for icebreaking, have reinforced hulls, special icebreaking bows, and a system that allows rapid shifting of ballast to increase the effectiveness of their icebreaking.
Lenin on a 1958 stamp. Lenin (Russian: Ленин) is a Soviet nuclear-powered icebreaker, the first nuclear-powered icebreaker in the world.Launched in 1957, it is both the world's first nuclear-powered surface ship [2] and the first nuclear-powered civilian vessel.
The 6-metre (20 ft) wide ice belt, where the hull plating was over 50 millimetres (2.0 in) thick in the bow, was designed to withstand ice pressures of up to 1,000 tonnes per square meter (about 1,400 psi), more than 30 to 60 times as much as normal merchant ships at the time.
An icebreaker is a brief facilitation exercise intended to help members of a group begin the process of working together or forming a team.They are commonly presented as games to "warm up" a group by helping members get to know each other and often focus on sharing personal information such as names or hobbies.