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Wattleseed Acacia are perennial woody crops of varying age and size with some reaching 4m tall and 5m across. [4] Their large size and multiple stems is an impediment to harvesting and has resulted in the development of several strategies of collecting seed pods, including 'finger stripping' of pods off of foliage, 'butt shaking' of the tree to dislodge pods, and whole biomass harvesting. [6]
The shrub is sold commercially in tubestock or in seed form. It is noted as a good pioneer species [ 1 ] being fast-growing, hardy, cold tolerant and beneficial as a nitrogen fixing plant. It can grow nutrient-poor, shallow, skeletal, high altitude soils and plays a valuable role in catchment protection within its native range. [ 4 ]
Acacia pycnantha, most commonly known as the golden wattle, is a tree of the family Fabaceae. It grows to a height of 8 metres (26 feet) and has phyllodes (flattened leaf stalks) instead of true leaves. The profuse fragrant, golden flowers appear in late winter and spring, followed by long seed pods.
Growing from multiple trunks, it reaches a height of 4.6–9.1 metres (15–30 feet). [13] The bark is whitish gray. [16] The base of each leaf is accompanied by a pair of thorns on the branch. [17] The dark brown fruit is a seed pod. [16]
The thinly coriaceous-crustaceous seed pods that form after flowering have a linear shape and are rounded over the seeds. The wrinkled and glabrous pods are up to 15 cm (5.9 in) in length and 7.5 to 10 mm (0.3 to 0.4 in) wide. The dark brown seeds within have a subglobular shape and are 4 to 5 mm (0.16 to 0.20 in) in length. [3]
Sandplain wattle grows as a tall shrub or small tree typically to a height of 2 to 5 m (6 ft 7 in to 16 ft 5 in) but can grow as tall as 8 m (26 ft). [4] It is able to form suckers and form dense colonies. It has glabrous branchlets that are often covered in a fine white powdery coating giving it frosted appearance. [3]
Acacia macradenia is also known as the zig-zag wattle, which derives from its zig-zag stem growth pattern. Another name used to identify A. macradenia is the 'bed of rivers'. Distinguishing features include alternating phyllodes, yellow globular clusters growing at the forks of the branches and a 'zig-zag' stem.
Acacia cultriformis, known as the knife-leaf wattle, dogtooth wattle, half-moon wattle or golden-glow wattle, is a perennial tree or shrub of the genus Acacia native to Australia. It is widely cultivated, and has been found to have naturalised in Asia , Africa , North America , New Zealand and South America . [ 1 ]