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Terms associated with right-doing in Islam include: Akhlaq (Arabic: أخلاق) is the practice of virtue, morality and manners in Islamic theology and falsafah ().The science of ethics (`Ilm al-Akhlaq) teaches that through practice and conscious effort man can surpass their natural dispositions and natural state to become more ethical and well mannered.
Islamic ethics (Arabic: أخلاق إسلامية) is the "philosophical reflection upon moral conduct" with a view to defining "good character" and attaining the "pleasure of God" (raza-e Ilahi). [1] [2] It is distinguished from "Islamic morality", which pertains to "specific norms or codes of behavior". [1]
In Malaysia, Pendidikan Moral (Malay for "Moral Studies") is one of the core subjects in the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) examination. It is a required subject for all non-Muslim students in the public education system in Malaysia. Muslim students are required to take the Islamic Studies (Malay: Pendidikan Islam) course.
Religions provide various methods for publicising, announcing and condemning the moral duties and decisions of individuals. A priestly caste may adopt the role of moral guardians. [25] Sometimes religious and state authorities work well in tandem to police morals, as in the case of god-kings, in medieval Europe or in colonial Massachusetts.
Most traditional moral theories rest on principles that determine whether an action is right or wrong. Classical theories in this vein include utilitarianism, Kantianism, and some forms of contractarianism. These theories mainly offered the use of overarching moral principles to resolve difficult moral decisions. [citation needed]
Modern education in Islam emphasizes the harmonious integration of religious and secular knowledge, guided by the principle of 'ilm (knowledge), which holds a central place in Islamic teachings. The Quran and Hadith encourage Muslims to seek knowledge throughout their lives, highlighting the value of both spiritual and worldly education.
Ethics involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. [1] A central aspect of ethics is "the good life", the life worth living or life that is simply satisfying, which is held by many philosophers to be more important than traditional moral conduct.
The origins of the cosmological argument can be traced to classical antiquity, rooted in the concept of the prime mover, introduced by Aristotle.In the 6th century, Syriac Christian theologian John Philoponus (c. 490–c. 570) proposed the first known version of the argument based on the impossibility of an infinite temporal regress, postulating that time itself must have had a beginning.