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γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine, also known as γ-glutamylcysteine (GGC), is a dipeptide found in animals, plants, fungi, some bacteria, and archaea. It has a relatively unusual γ-bond between the constituent amino acids , L -glutamic acid and L -cysteine and is a key intermediate in the γ-glutamyl cycle first described by Meister in the 1970s.
Traditional Vietnamese medicine (Y học Cổ truyền Việt Nam), also known as Southern Herbology (Thuốc Nam) is a traditional medicine practiced by Vietnamese people.
L-cysteine production pathways; Reactants → Enzyme Cofactors Notes O-acetyl-L-serine/hydrogen sulfide → cysteine synthase [9] pyridoxal phosphate not present in humans L-cystine/2 glutathione → glutathione-cystine transhydrogenase [10] cystathionine: → cystathionine γ-lyase [4] pyridoxal phosphate 3-mercapto-pyruvate: → cysteine ...
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH, thyroliberin or protirelin) (L-pyroglutamyl-L-histidinyl-L-prolinamide) is a peptide hormone that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin by the anterior pituitary; ACV (δ-(L-α-aminoadipyl)-L-Cys-D-Val) is a key biosynthetic precursor to penicillin and cephalosporin.
The plant glutamate cysteine ligase is a redox-sensitive homodimeric enzyme, conserved in the plant kingdom. [26] In an oxidizing environment, intermolecular disulfide bridges are formed and the enzyme switches to the dimeric active state. The midpoint potential of the critical cysteine pair is -318 mV.
For complete medium, slowly add membrane-filtered solution of L-cysteine to the medium and mix thoroughly. L-cysteine must be prepared as a fresh solution. Slowly add membrane-filtered soluble ferric pyrophosphate, and mix thoroughly. Do not mix iron and cysteine before adding to medium as the L-cysteine is a chelating agent.
In enzymology, a cysteine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. L-cysteine + 2-oxoglutarate mercaptopyruvate + L-glutamate. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-cysteine and 2-oxoglutarate, whereas its two products are mercaptopyruvate and L-glutamate.
Cystine is the oxidized derivative of the amino acid cysteine and has the formula (SCH 2 CH(NH 2)CO 2 H) 2.It is a white solid that is poorly soluble in water. As a residue in proteins, cystine serves two functions: a site of redox reactions and a mechanical linkage that allows proteins to retain their three-dimensional structure.