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The solution is vacuum evaporated at 40–50 °C and 1–2 mmHg until the dihydrate crystallizes out. The crystals are vacuum-dried to produce a free-flowing crystalline powder. [21] The same principle was used in a 1993 patent to produce concentrated slurries of the pentahydrate NaClO·5H 2 O. Typically, a 35% solution (by weight) of HClO is ...
This process is widely used for the industrial production of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO) 2). Cl 2 + 2 NaOH → NaCl + NaClO + H 2 O 2 Cl 2 + 2 Ca(OH) 2 → CaCl 2 + Ca(ClO) 2 + 2 H 2 O. Large amounts of sodium hypochlorite are also produced electrochemically via an un-separated chloralkali process.
Sodium perchlorate is the precursor to ammonium, potassium and lithium perchlorate salts, often taking advantage of their low solubility relative to NaClO 4 (209 g/(100 mL) at 25 °C). [ 6 ] It is used for denaturating proteins in biochemistry and in standard DNA extraction and hybridization reactions in molecular biology .
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Hypochlorous acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cl O H, also written as HClO, HOCl, or ClHO. [2] [3] Its structure is H−O−Cl.It is an acid that forms when chlorine dissolves in water, and itself partially dissociates, forming a hypochlorite anion, ClO −.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 29 September 2024. Not to be confused with sodium chloride. Sodium chlorite The sodium cation Space-filling model of the chlorite anion Names IUPAC name Sodium chlorite Other names Chlorous acid, sodium salt Textone Identifiers CAS Number 7758-19-2 Y 49658-21-1 (trihydrate) Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive ...
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Sodium chlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na ClO 3.It is a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water. It is hygroscopic.It decomposes above 300 °C to release oxygen [4] and leaves sodium chloride.