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The incidence and quality of physical activity education in early childhood education have a strong positive effect on the cognitive, social and physical development of young children. [12] Early childhood is a stage of rapid growth, development and learning and each child makes progress at different speeds and rates. [13]
For example, High/Scope conducted longitudinal research of children in programmes using three different curriculum models: The Direct Instruction model, in which teachers initiated activities using academic goals. The traditional Nursery School model, in which teachers responded to activities that children initiated, with a minimum of structure.
There are three simultaneous development stages: [2] It is distinct from early childhood education, and does not necessarily refer to the same developmental stage of early childhood. It is an educational category designed to support children from nursery schools, all the way until the equivalent of third grade.
Especially since the first wave of results from the Perry Preschool Project were published, there has been widespread consensus that the quality of early childhood education programs correlate with gains in low-income children's IQs and test scores, decreased grade retention, and lower special education rates.
Gesell asserted that all children go through the same stages of development in the same sequence, although each child may move through these stages at their own rate [3] Gesell's Maturational Theory has influenced child-rearing and primary education methods since it was introduced. [4] [5]
Early in this period, the child always searches in the same location for a hidden object (if the child has watched the hiding of an object). Later, the child will search in several locations. Passes toy to other hand when offered a second object (referred to as "crossing the midline" – an important neurological development).