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The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, "Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. [1]
This is a list of examples of Jim Crow laws, which were state, territorial, and local laws in the United States enacted between 1877 and 1965. Jim Crow laws existed throughout the United States and originated from the Black Codes that were passed from 1865 to 1866 and from before the American Civil War.
These persisted until 1964, when they were repealed by Congress. They are known as Jim Crow laws. [95] The Southern states In the 1890–1905 period systematically reduced the number of Black people allowed to vote to about 2% through restrictions that skirted the 15th amendment, because they did not explicitly mention race.
But its residents knew white people could use violence to enforce Jim Crow elsewhere. In 1955, Mamie Till-Mobley stayed in the town during breaks in the trial of two white men accused of torturing ...
The 1964 Act was passed to end discrimination in various fields based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in the areas of employment and public accommodation. [162] [163] The 1964 Act did not prohibit sex discrimination against persons employed at educational institutions. A parallel law, Title VI, had also been enacted in 1964 to ...
Pass, [32] [33] the Supreme Court of Arizona rejected an appeal by Frank Pass of a murder conviction based on the testimony of his wife Ruby Contreras Pass against him, on the grounds that their marriage was illegal since Pass was partly Mexican and native American and Contreras was white. Interpreting the state's anti-miscegenation statute ...
During Jim Crow, black families could not access white hospitals and white doctors often refused to treat them, so it fell to black “granny midwives” to deliver children. In Alabama, Margaret Charles Smith caught her first baby at the age of 5 and, in her own telling, went on to deliver 3,500 children without losing a single mother.
Today we remember the product of this Christian nationalist movement as Jim Crow, the brutal and repressive set of laws and practices that structured American life from the 1890s through the 1960s ...