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Massacres of gypsies also occurred in various localities, including one occurring in Nagyszalonta now in Romania. [46] Of a population of around 100,000 Roma in Hungary, around 50,000 were subjected to forced labour. [45]
This village has a very young age structure and a growing population while other nearby villages are ageing and depopulating very fast L. Karavelovo village Aksakovo, Varna: 1,539 1,065 69.20% Seliminovo: village Sliven, Sliven: 1,481 819 55.30% Svoboda gypsy part Maglizh: 800 800 ~100% Svoboda: village Chirpan, Stara Zagora: 1,131 688 60.83% ...
There is a sizable Romani minority in Romania, known as Ţigani in Romanian and, recently, as Rromi, of 621,573 people or 3.3% of the total population (2011 census), although the Council of Europe estimates the figure to be 1.85 million people or 8.32% of the population. [127]
In the English language, Romani people have long been known by the exonym Gypsies or Gipsies, [88] which many Roma consider to be an ethnic slur. [ 89 ] [ 90 ] [ 91 ] The attendees of the first World Romani Congress in 1971 unanimously voted to reject the use of all exonyms for the Roma, including "Gypsy". [ 92 ]
The total number of pupils identified as Traveller of Irish heritage and Gypsy/ Roma at the end of the secondary phase, key stage four, is very small. In the summer 2023 DfE data, there were around 1,400 Gypsy/ Roma pupils and 190 Travellers of Irish Heritage at the end of key stage four, out of around 607,000 pupils overall. [135]
Romania's population has declined steadily in recent decades, from a peak of 23.2 million in 1990 to 19.12 million in 2021. [9] Among the causes of population decline are high mortality, a low fertility rate since 1990, and tremendous levels of emigration. [9] In 1990, Romania's population was estimated to be 23.21 million inhabitants. [10]
A General Association of the Gypsies of Romania was established in 1933 with the holding of a national conference and the publication of two journals, Neamul Țiganesc ("Gypsy nation") and Timpul "time"). An "international" conference was organized in Bucharest the following year. [28]
As time elapsed, the notion of "the gipsy/gypsy" altered to include other associated stereotypes such as nomadism and exoticism. [27] John Matthews in The World Atlas of Divination refer to gypsies as "Wise Women". [28] Colloquially, gipsy/gypsy is used refer to any person perceived by the speaker as fitting the gypsy stereotypes. [29]