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Autogenous vaccines, also called autologous vaccines, autovaccines, “self” or custom vaccines, are vaccines that are prepared by isolation and destruction of microorganisms in infected individuals and used to provide immunity to the same individual. [1][2] Autogenous vaccines were introduced in the early twentieth century with growing ...
As a result, genetic vaccines and live vaccines generate cytotoxic T-cells in addition to antibodies in the vaccinated individual. In contrast to live vaccines, only parts of the pathogen are used, which means that a reversion to an infectious pathogen cannot occur as it happened during the polio vaccinations with the Sabin vaccine. [2]
For example, the vaccine names used in the United States have well-established abbreviations that are also widely known and used elsewhere. An extensive list of them provided in a sortable table and freely accessible is available at a US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention web page. [ 101 ]
Flu vaccines used during the flu in 2009. This is a list of vaccine-related topics.. A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its toxins.
1984 – First vaccine for chicken pox. 1985 – First vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae type b (HiB) 1989 – First vaccine for Q fever [12] 1990 – First vaccine for hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. 1991 – First vaccine for hepatitis A [13] 1998 – First vaccine for Lyme disease.
A viral vector vaccine is a vaccine that uses a viral vector to deliver genetic material (DNA) that can be transcribed by the recipient's host cells as mRNA coding for a desired protein, or antigen, to elicit an immune response. [1] As of April 2021, six viral vector vaccines, four COVID-19 vaccines and two Ebola vaccines, have been authorized ...
A DNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that transfects a specific antigen -coding DNA sequence into the cells of an organism as a mechanism to induce an immune response. [1][2] DNA vaccines work by injecting genetically engineered plasmid containing the DNA sequence encoding the antigen (s) against which an immune response is sought, so the cells ...
Cell-based vaccine. Cell-based vaccines are developed from mammalian or more rarely avian or insect cell lines rather than the more common method which uses the cells in embryonic chicken eggs to develop the antigens. [1] The potential use of cell culture techniques in developing viral vaccines has been widely investigated in the 2000s as a ...