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Exposure to hexavalent chromium can cause irritation and problems in the respiratory tract, stomach, and small intestine. It is linked to several cancers, such as lung cancer, oral cancer, and intestinal cancer. [11] During floods, the chromium contaminated groundwater would flood into local Garfield residences and businesses.
Hexavalent chromium (chromium(VI), Cr(VI), chromium 6) is any chemical compound that contains the element chromium in the +6 oxidation state (thus hexavalent). [1] It has been identified as carcinogenic, which is of concern since approximately 136,000 tonnes (150,000 tons) of hexavalent chromium were produced in 1985. [ 2 ]
PG&E used chromium 6, or hexavalent chromium (a cheap and efficient rust suppressor), in its compressor station for natural-gas transmission pipelines. [1] [3] Hexavalent-chromium compounds are genotoxic carcinogens. In 1993, legal clerk Erin Brockovich began an investigation into the health impacts of the contamination. A class-action lawsuit ...
The FDA’s analysis found chromium levels of 0.590 parts per million in one sample and 0.566 ppm in another. ... as information on the health effects of eating food contaminated with chromium-6 ...
Chromium, especially hexavalent chromium, is highly toxic to fish because it is easily absorbed across the gills, readily enters blood circulation, crosses cell membranes and bioconcentrates up the food chain. In contrast, the toxicity of trivalent chromium is very low, attributed to poor membrane permeability and little biomagnification. [141]
Soluble hexavalent chromium is the most common type of chromium in oceans, where over 70% of dissolved chromium in the ocean is found in oxyanions such as chromate (CrO 2− 4). Soluble trivalent chromium is also found in the oceans where complexation with organic ligands occurs. Chromium is estimated to have a residence time of
Levels of chromium toxicity, mobility and bioavailability depend on oxidation states of chromium. [14] Two of the most common chromium species are Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Cr(VI) is highly mobile, bioavailable and more toxic to flora and fauna , while Cr(III) is less toxic, more immobile and readily precipitates in soils with pH >6. [ 15 ]
The case drew immediate comparisons to an incident in November in Laos in which six tourists — including one American and two Australian teenagers — died after drinking tainted alcohol at a ...