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A belief in the importance of the civil society is another reason why conservatives support a smaller role for the government in the economy. As noted by Alexis de Tocqueville , there is a belief that a bigger role of the government in the economy will make people feel less responsible for the society.
This timeline of modern American conservatism lists important events, developments and occurrences that have affected conservatism in the United States. With the decline of the conservative wing of the Democratic Party after 1960, the movement is most closely associated with the Republican Party (GOP).
Social conservatives believe that society is built upon a fragile network of relationships which need to be upheld through duty, traditional values, and established institutions; and that the government has a role in encouraging or enforcing traditional values or practices.
In 1960, the economist Friedrich Hayek, who many people would describe as politically conservative, wrote an essay titled, "Why I Am Not A Conservative," in which he argued that conservatives had ...
[11] Conservatism was prominent in the urban merchant class and the land-owning American gentry of the Southern colonies and upstate New York. [12] Historian Leonard Woods Labaree writes that these groups "were the most effective bulwarks against radical change. It was to the interest of both groups to oppose the growing spirit of liberalism ...
Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in which it appears.
Modern conservatism began as a "hesitation within liberalism", arising from the ideas of the classical liberals—notably Thomas Hobbes, James Harrington, John Locke, and Baron de Montesquieu—while insisting that the "liberation of the individual" advocated by liberalism "could not be achieved without the maintenance of customs and institutions".
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