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Usnea is a genus of fruticose lichens in the large family Parmeliaceae. The genus, which currently contains roughly 130 species, was established by Michel Adanson in 1763. Species in the genus grow like leafless mini- shrubs or tassels anchored on bark or twigs.
Its undifferentiated thallus is an irregular mix of fungal hyphae and scattered photobiont cells, lacking a cortex or any definable layers. [6] [47] Morphologically, it is the simplest growth form. [48] The cell walls of leprose lichens contain chemical compounds which make them hydrophobic, and thus largely water repellent. However, the lack ...
Letharia vulpina, a species of fruticose lichen. A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure.It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or more mycobionts. [1]
Usnea filipendula – one of about 20,000 described species of lichen. The following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to lichens.. Lichen – composite organism made up of multiple species – a fungal partner, one or more photosynthetic partners, which can be either green algae or cyanobacteria, and, in at least 52 genera of lichens, a yeast. [1]
The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes.With over 2700 species [2] in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi.The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: Xanthoparmelia (822 species), Usnea (355 species), Parmotrema (255 species), and Hypotrachyna (262 species).
The amphithecium usually contains algal cells. [22] The term was coined by Wilhelm Körber in 1855, but languished in obscurity until 1898, when Otto Darbishire used it in a monograph of the genus Roccella. [29] ampliotremoid A morphotype of corticolous thelotremoid lichens used to describe characteristics of apothecial and thallus morphology.
Lichen thalli provide a complex and varied habitat for lichenicolous fungi, characterised by biological gradients that range from actively growing to decaying parts. This diversity within a single thallus creates a spectrum of microenvironments, which may contribute to the diversification of fungal life strategies.
Usnea pallidocarpa is characterised by its shrubby, erect appearance and a thallus (the body of the lichen) that typically measures between 5 and 7 cm in length. This lichen originates from a holdfast , which is the anchoring part of the lichen, appearing either unpigmented or with a brownish hue.