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Common Era and Before the Common Era are alternatives to the original Anno Domini (AD) and Before Christ (BC) notations used for the same calendar era. The two notation systems are numerically equivalent: "2025 CE" and "AD 2025" each describe the current year; "400 BCE" and "400 BC" are the same year. [1] [2]
The terms anno Domini (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used when designating years in the Gregorian and Julian calendars. The term anno Domini is Medieval Latin and means "in the year of the Lord" [ 1 ] but is often presented using "our Lord" instead of "the Lord", [ 2 ] [ 3 ] taken from the full original phrase " anno Domini nostri Jesu Christi ...
A. CE stands for the "common era" that Judaism and Christianity share. BCE means "before the common era." Jews adopted the terms as alternatives to the widely used terms BC (before Christ) and AD (Anno Domini, or Year of the Lord), which both assume that Christ's birth is the central event of history.
Astronomers use the Julian calendar for years before 1582, including the year 0, and the Gregorian calendar for years after 1582, as exemplified by Jacques Cassini (1740), [2] Simon Newcomb (1898) [3] and Fred Espenak (2007). [4] The prefix AD and the suffixes CE, BC or BCE (Common Era, Before Christ or Before Common Era) are dropped. [1]
The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...
The modern English term "before Christ" (BC) is only a rough equivalent, not a direct translation, of Bede's Latin phrase ante incarnationis dominicae tempus ("before the time of the lord's incarnation"), which was itself never abbreviated. Bede's singular use of 'BC' continued to be used sporadically throughout the Middle Ages. [citation needed]
11th millennium BC · 11,000–10,001 BC 10th millennium BC · 10,000–9001 BC 9th millennium BC · 9000–8001 BC 8th millennium BC · 8000–7001 BC 7th millennium BC · 7000–6001 BC 6th millennium BC · 6000–5001 BC 5th millennium BC · 5000–4001 BC 4th millennium BC · 4000–3001 BC 40th century BC: 39th century BC: 38th century BC ...
A calendar era is the period of time elapsed since one epoch of a calendar and, if it exists, before the next one. [1] For example, the current year is numbered 2025 in the Gregorian calendar, which numbers its years in the Western Christian era (the Coptic Orthodox and Ethiopian Orthodox churches have their own Christian eras).